{"id":422310,"date":"2026-10-13T18:09:51","date_gmt":"2026-10-13T18:09:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.achpress.com\/?p=422310"},"modified":"2026-10-13T19:04:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T19:04:49","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%a7-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%84%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a8-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/?p=422310","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0630 1963"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1963 :<\/div>\n
\n
\n

-\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 (1963 – 1965)<\/p>\n

-\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 (1970 – 1971)<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0629 (1971 – 1972)<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 (1977 – 1983)<\/p>\n

– \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0646 (1984 – 1992)<\/p>\n

– \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f (1993 – 1997)<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (1997- 2002 \/ 2002 – 2007)<\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a (2007 – 2010)<\/p>\n

– \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2010 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0631 2011)<\/p>\n

– \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0628 (2011 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2014)<\/p>\n

– \u0631\u0627\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (2014 \u0627\u0644\u0649 2016)<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a (2016 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2021)<\/p>\n

– \u0631\u0627\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (2021 \u2013 2026)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1963 : -\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 (1963 – 1965) -\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 (1970 – 1971) – \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0629 (1971 – 1972) – \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 (1977 – 1983) – \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0646 (1984<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":422036,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[36,14,30],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422310"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=422310"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422310\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":422313,"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422310\/revisions\/422313"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/422036"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=422310"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=422310"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.achpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=422310"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}